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Free · 50/30/20 · Take-home based

Budget calculator

The 50/30/20 budget split: 50% to needs, 30% to wants, 20% to savings and debt payoff. See your numbers and the long-run growth of that 20%.

The 50/30/20 rule

Take-home pay (after taxes, 401(k), and health premiums) splits three ways:

  • 50% Needs: rent/mortgage, utilities, groceries, insurance, minimum debt payments, transportation
  • 30% Wants: dining, entertainment, subscriptions, travel, hobbies, upgraded versions of needs
  • 20% Savings + debt: emergency fund, retirement, extra debt payoff, investments

What 20% saved compounds to

Take-home/yr20% saved/mo25 yrs (7%)35 yrs
$50,000$833$632k$1.38M
$75,000$1,250$948k$2.07M
$100,000$1,667$1.26M$2.76M
$150,000$2,500$1.90M$4.14M

When 50/30/20 doesn't fit

  • High-cost city (NYC, SF): needs often eat 60–65%. Compress wants to 15–20% and savings to 15–20%.
  • Aggressive FIRE savers: flip to 50/15/35 or 40/10/50. Savings rate is the only lever that compresses years-to-FIRE.
  • Heavy debt payoff phase: 50/20/30 with the extra 10% going entirely to debt above 7% APR.

Budget Calculator FAQ

What is the 50/30/20 budget rule?

Popularized by Senator Elizabeth Warren in 2005. Allocate 50% of after-tax income to needs, 30% to wants, 20% to savings + debt payoff. It's a starting framework; adjust for your housing market, income, and goals.

Should the 50/30/20 use gross or net income?

Take-home pay (net) — after federal/state tax, FICA, 401(k) contributions, health insurance premiums. If you're already maxing your 401(k), your 'savings 20%' is on top of that and you're saving more than 20% of gross.

Is 20% enough to retire?

Depends on starting age. From age 25 with 20% savings rate and 7% real returns, you retire around age 62 with portfolio = 25× expenses. Starting at 35, you'll work into your late 60s on 20%. Higher savings rates compress this dramatically.

How is 50/30/20 different from zero-based budgeting?

50/30/20 is a percentage-based framework — broad strokes. Zero-based budgeting assigns every dollar of income a job until you reach zero leftover. Use 50/30/20 for big-picture sanity check; use zero-based monthly if you need tight discipline.

What counts as 'needs' vs 'wants'?

Needs = you genuinely cannot live without it: shelter, basic food, utilities, minimum debt, work transport, health insurance. Wants = upgraded or optional: dining out, streaming, gym, second car, vacation. A $2,000 rent is need; the $400 above what you could rent for is want.

Can I budget without tracking every expense?

Yes — use the 'pay yourself first' method. Automate 20% to savings/investments the day your paycheck hits. The remaining 80% in checking is your spending budget; you don't have to categorize it. Hard cap = stops 'spending all the money' problems.

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